Introduction

The following pages contain descriptions and illustrations of some cubic and hexagonal crystal lattices and their unit cells. There is also a set of exercises at the end (with key) which can be used to test your understanding of this material.

A lattice is a regular array of lattice points in three dimensions, and a crystallographic unit cell is a parallelapiped formed by connecting eight lattice points.

A cubic unit cell is characterized by six square faces and three equal non-coplanar edges:
a = b = c.  The volume of a cubic unit cell is a.b.c or

V = a3
A hexagonal unit cell is characterized by four rectangular faces (with edges a & c and b & c) and two parallelograms with equal sides (a = b) and interior angles of 60o and 120o.  The volume of a hexagonal unit cell is a.b.c.sin(120o) or
Most of the illustrations in the following pages are crossed-stereo pairs. To view them, cross your eyes and focus.

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